The American Water Spaniel (AWS) was developed in the midwestern United States during the 19th century, primarily in Wisconsin and Minnesota. It is believed to be a product of crossbreeding between the Irish Water Spaniel and the Curly-Coated Retriever, among others. Initially bred as a hunting companion that could work well both on land and in water, the AWS quickly gained popularity due to its ability to retrieve waterfowl in difficult terrains. Officially recognized by the United Kennel Club in 1920 and later by the American Kennel Club in 1940, the breed remains relatively rare, prized for its excellent hunting abilities and affectionate nature.